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Field Rose Seed
Rosa arvensisField rose, native to Europe, is a rambling rose of the hedgerows and woodland, quite scarce in the north. Its long arching stems produce pure white scented flowers from early summer onwards. These give rise to round red rose hips in autumn. Can be pruned hard to a tidier shape, but good as part of a wilder garden. Attractive to insects and birds for the hips eventually.
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Firethorn Seed
Pyracantha coccineaFirethorn or Pyracantha is a large evergreen shrub that is valued for its outstanding display of red autumn berries. These are produced from the white flowers that appear in spring. Its dark green leaves are augmented by sharp thorns which when used as a boundary plant provide an effective security barrier.
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Flat Stalked Spindle Seed
Euonymus planipesThis Euonymus or Flat Stalked Spindle is a graceful, arching, deciduous shrub with incredible autumn berries of orange in red cases that hang below the branches on long stalks. It has great foliage colour too, making it a valuable addition to the autumn/winter garden. Very tolerant of most conditions and a good shrub in polluted areas. It can be pruned or left to grow into it’s natural shape.
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Fly Honeysuckle Seed
Lonicera xylosteumFly Honeysuckle is a small to medium sized deciduous shrub with grey/blue-green foliage and untidy habit. Its flowers are not as showy as other honeysuckles, being a creamy white and flowering for 2 weeks in late spring. It is however pollution tolerant and produces red poisonous fruits later in the year. Although native to Eurasia, it is naturalised in most of America.
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Foxglove Tree Seed
Paulownia tomentosaAn exotic looking tree that, in suitable positions, produces panicles of foxglove-like purple flowers. They appear in the spring before the leaves. The deciduous leaves are large and hairy and can grow huge if the tree is pollarded, (branches cut back to the main stem) every couple of years. A really fast growing tree and in America and Asia is used for timber production. An old tradition in China is to sow a Paulownia seed when a girl is born and to chop the tree down when she marries, using the timber to make furniture for the newly-weds!
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Franchet’s Cotoneaster Seed
Cotoneaster franchetiiFranchet’s Cotoneaster is a popular semi-evergreen shrub that is graceful and medium sized with sage green foliage. The white flowers blushed with pink give rise to ovoid scarlet-orange fruits. Soft relaxed growth can be pruned in to shape.
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Fraser Fir Seed
Abies fraseriFraser Fir is often cultivated as a Christmas tree in the USA since it is scented and has non-drop, blue grey needles; it is slow growing when young taking 10 years to reach 2.5 to 3m. As a young tree the branches are quite dense, but growth becomes more open as the tree ages. It never grows really huge. The small upright cones fall to pieces to shed the seeds when they are about 6mths old. In the wild it is rare. Enjoys short cool summers and survives cold and snowy winters.
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French Lavender Seed
Lavandula stoechasFrench Lavender is an intensely aromatic shrublet with narrow grey leaves. The dark purple flowers are borne in dense terminal heads which are topped by prominent purple bracts, very attractive to bees. Plants require a warm sunny position and are often used as a low, informal hedge which needs to be lightly trimmed after flowering. It has a more acid scent than English Lavender
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Gagnepain’s Barberry Seed
Berberis gagnepainiiA small evergreen shrub that forms an impenetrable thicket making it ideal for hedges. The yellow flowers are borne in clusters of 6 or 12, in early summer, which give rise to black berries with a bluish bloom. Tolerant of most conditions.
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Goat Willow Seed
Salix capreaGoat or Pussy Willow is more an upright, deciduous shrub than tree. One of the commonest and most tolerant of our native trees. It is quite often a tough pioneer of inhospitable damp sites and thrives on poor soil. Early in spring the male flowers appear – the soft, silky, silver hairy buds which give rise to the name ‘Pussy Willow’. These turn into fluffy balls of pollen. Female flowers, on separate trees, are long green catkins that erupt into white fluff surrounding the seed in May or June. The leaf is very variable.
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Golden Mimosa Seed
Acacia baileyanaGolden Acacia or Cootamundra Wattle is a small evergreen tree/large shrub with silver grey ferny leaves and short spikes of pompom flowers between Dec and March. Lots of Pollen is produced so the tree is good for early insects. In fact it is planted for honey production commercially as well as for floristry. However, in warmer countries it tends to escape and be a bit of a plague in the wild. In the UK, it definitely needs to be in a conservatory or very sheltered sunny corner. Quite tolerant of drought.
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Golden Rain Tree / Pride of India Seed
Koelreuteria paniculataThe Golden Rain Tree is a broad headed deciduous tree up to 12m high with pinnate leaves made up of 9 to 15 leaflets. In mid to late summer it produces small yellow flowers on large panicles which give rise to the air filled bladder like fruits containing the seed. In autumn these decorative bladders can turn from yellow to pink and then brown and are almost more ornamental then the flowers!
small pic courtesy of Gerd Eichmann / CC BY-SA
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Gorse Seed
Ulex europaeusGorse is a dense fiercely spiny shrub. In mild areas the yellow, pea-like flowers, smelling of coconut, are produced throughout the year but more usually they flower from March through to May. Brilliant for insects. The shrubs thrive on, and prefer, very poor light or stony soils. They can act as good pioneers, nursing other less tough plants until they’re big enough to survive. No maintenance necessary, but can be pruned quite hard (using armoured gloves!)
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Grand Fir Seed
Abies grandisGrand Fir is an extremely fast growing conifer, although for the first few years is slow. Needles are very aromatic(grapefruit) when crushed, buds deep purple often covered with resin. The top branches fan out, it does not grow to a flat head. It loves high rainfall areas like its native habitat in north-west America.
Not for forestry purposes.
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Green Alder Seed
Alnus viridisThis is a deciduous short lived shrub, but can become a small tree. Unlike other Alder species, long yellow catkins (up to 10cm) are borne in April when the tree is already in leaf. It has a smooth grey bark with shiny green leaves. Sometimes it is used as a nurse crop for timber trees since it doesn’t grow too big and compete. It also fixes nitrogen from the air. Often found growing with Willows it is usually one of the first to colonize scree.
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Grey Alder Seed
Alnus incanaGrey Alder is an ideal small tree or bush for cold and wet situations. This very hardy tree has grey undersides to its leaves with yellowish brown catkins which are borne in late winter. The leaves are pointed at the end which makes it easier to distinguish between this and A. glutinosa. It has root nodules, as with other Alders, that fix nitrogen from the air and therefore helps with soil fertility – good for sites that need pioneers.
Not for forestry purposes.
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Guelder / Guilder Rose Seed
Viburnum opulusGuelder Rose is a large vigorous shrub with 5 lobed maple like leaves which colour well in autumn. It produces flattened clusters of white flowers, (a bit like hydrangea flowers), in summer followed by red translucent fruits in the autumn, beloved of winter migrant birds. Can be pruned/trimmed in winter, quite hard. This is one of the prettiest seeds around – they are heart-shaped and various shades of pink!
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Hackberry Seed
Celtis occidentalisHackberry is a deciduous tree although it can be evergreen in very warm climates. It has a deeply fissured corky bark. In the UK it rarely produces its black fruits.
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Harlequin Glorybower Seed
Clerodendron trichotomumA soft leaved, deciduous, medium shrub with exotic white flowers and pink calyces in late summer. These are followed by white, maturing blue fruit sitting in the now cerise calyx. Flowers are heavily scented and leaves have a musty smell when crushed, redolent of peanut butter.
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Hawthorn Seed
Crataegus monogynaHawthorn is a British native hedging plant. It produces a spectacular profusion of flowers in late spring which are visited by all sorts of different insects. There are red-brown fruits (haws) in the autumn. Hawthorn can make a large shrub or a small tree. It is also known as May or Quickthorn and is surrounded by superstition and folklaw. It is associated with May-Day and other spring festivals. Even in Anglo-Saxon times it was used to mark boundaries and it is one of the most common hedgerow trees, being amenable to chopping, laying, flail mowing etc
The 2nd small picture shows unusual hawthorn topiary at Bryan’s Ground Garden in Hereford and 3rd pic is seed being stratified in our fridges, mixed with damp peat.
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Hazel / European Hazel / Cobnut
Corylus avellanaHazel is a large shrub or small multiple stemmed tree that produces delicate, yellow, long female catkins called lambs tails in late winter. Visited by very early insects It is used in large gardens as a shrub for screening. It produces the edible hazelnut. Every 8-10 years the long stems that have grown can be chopped down to very near ground level and the crown will start to grow again. This is Coppicing(pic is a mature coppice in Ireland)and is great for wildlife, since it provides dappled shade and open spaces. The resultant timber can be used for baskets, chairs, burning, turning and weaving into fences. Commercially selected varieties are grown for nuts in Kent, but also in Turkey for chocolate and chocolate spread manufacture (no names mentioned, ambassador!)
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Henry’s Maple Seed
Acer henryiHenry’s Maple is a rare, small deciduous tree, often multi-stemmed when mature. It grows a wide, flatish crown and striated bark. The trifoliate leaves have fine red stems, hairy veins and good autumn colours of red, yellow and orange. Native of China, it was introduced to UK in 1903, but is still rarely grown. It is an excellent tree for smaller gardens since it casts only light shade and doesn’t grow too tall.
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Herringbone Cotoneaster Seed
Cotoneaster horizontalisHerringbone Cotoneaster is low growing deciduous shrub with branches arranged like fish bones. It can be pruned quite hard without suffering. It bears bright red fruits in autumn together with a richly coloured foliage, and the branch arrangement in winter if grown against a wall is most attractive. The bees really enjoy the pink flowers, but the birds are slow to eat the berries.
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Hers’s Maple Seed
Acer grosser var hersiiAcer davidii subsp. grosseri var hersii
Hers’s Maple is another Snakebark Maple, with olive green bark, striped with white and cream. It grows to be a small, round headed, graceful tree, sometimes multi-stemmed. The deciduous foliage is almost oval with 3 indistinct lobes. Autumn colour is orange and yellow. No pruning is needed. Useful for a smaller garden.
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